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tʼLine 2:
Line 2: − + − + − ! rowspan=2 |Central+ − − + − + + + − + + + + + + + − |align="center"|ɯ, ɯ:, ɯ̃, ɯ̃: − |align="center"|u, u:, ũ, ũ: − + − + − + − + − + + + + + − + − |align="center"|ɛ, ɛ:, ɛ̃, ɛ̃: − | − |align="center"|ɔ, ɔ:, ɔ̃, ɔ̃: − |- − !align="left"|High − |align="center"|a, a:, ã, ã: + + + + − The nine-way distinction demonstrated above is generally accepted. However, some scholars (Ladefoged et al. 1998, Gillies 1993) note that the high back unrounded vowel may be merging with [u] and/or [ɤ] in some dialects.+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − There are some diphthongs.+ − − ===Nasality=== − − Some vowels are nasal. − − ===Length=== − − Long vowels are about twice as long as short vowels in the same environment. Line 56:
Line 79: − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + − |colspan=2 align="center"|j + − ===Allophones=== − − ===Stops=== − − ====Voicing and Aspiration==== − − ===Sonorants=== − − − {| class="wikitable" − ! rowspan=1 | − ! rowspan=1 |Tense − ! rowspan=1 |Lax − |- − !align="left"|Broad − |align="center"|L − |align="center"|l − |- − !align="left"|Slender − |align="center"|L' − |align="center"|l' − |- − |} − − ===Consonant distribution=== − −
Cleaned, added vowels.
==Vowels==
==Vowels==
===Inventory===
===Inventory (Monophthongs)===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; border="1" cellpadding="3"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; border="1" cellpadding="3"
! rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=2 |Front
! colspan="4" |Front
! colspan="4" |Back
! colspan=2 |Back
|-
|-
!Unrounded
! colspan="2" |Oral
!Rounded
! colspan="2" |Nasal
! colspan="2" |Oral
! colspan="2" |Nasal
|-
|-
!align="left"|High
!align="left"|High
|align="center"|i, i:, ĩ, ĩ:
|ɪ
|iː
|ɪ̃
|ĩː
| align="center" |
|
| align="center" |
|
|
|-
|-
!align="left"|Mid High
! align="left" |Mid
|align="center"|e, e:
|e
|
|eː
|align="center"|ɤ, ɤ:
|ẽ
|align="center"|o, o:
|ẽː
|o
|oː
| align="center" |õ
|õː
|-
|-
!align="left"|Mid Low
! align="left" |Low
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ɑ
|ɑː
|ɑ̃
|ɑ̃ː
|-
|-
|}
|}
Subtitle
===Diphthongs===
===Diphthongs===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; border=" cellpadding="3" 1"
! rowspan="2" |
!Front
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
!Vɪ̯
!Vɪ̯
!Vo̯
|-
! align="left" |High
|
| rowspan="2" align="center" |oɪ̯
| align="center" |
|-
! align="left" |Mid
|eɪ̯
| align="center" |
|-
! align="left" |Low
|
|ɑɪ̯
|ɑo̯
|-
|}
Subtitle.
==Consonants==
==Consonants==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; border="1" cellpadding="3"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; border="1" cellpadding="3"
! rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=2 |[[Labial (definition)|Labial]]
! rowspan=2 |Labial
! rowspan=2 |[[Dental (definition)|Dental]]
! rowspan=2 |Dental
! rowspan=2 |[[Alveolar (definition)|Alveolar]]
! rowspan=2 |Alveolar
! colspan=2 |[[Palatal (definition)|Palatal]]
! colspan=2 |Palatal
! rowspan=2 |[[Velarized (definition)|Velarized]]
! rowspan=2 |Velarized
! rowspan=2 |[[Velar (definition)|Velar]]
! rowspan=2 |Velar
! rowspan=2 |[[Glottal (definition)|Glottal]]
! rowspan=2 |Glottal
|-
|-
!Coronal
!Coronal
!Dorsal
!Dorsal
|-
|-
!align="left"|[[Stop (definition)|Stop]]
!align="left"|Stop
|align="center"|pʰ, p
|align="center"|
|align="center"|t̪ʰ, t̪
|align="center"|
|
|
|align="center"|tʲʰ, tʲ
|align="center"|
|align="center"|kʲʰ, kʲ
|align="center"|
|align="center"|kʰ, k
|align="center"|
|
|
|-
|-
!align="left"|[[Nasal (definition)|Nasal]]
!align="left"|Nasal
|align="center"|m
|align="center"|
|
|
|align="center"|n
|align="center"|
|align="center"|ɲ
|align="center"|
|
|
|align="center"|nˠ
|align="center"|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!align="left"|[[Fricative (definition)|Fricative]]
!align="left"|Fricative
|align="center"|f, v
|align="center"|
|
|
|align="center"|s
|align="center"|
|align="center"|ʃ
|align="center"|
|align="center"|ç, ʝ
|align="center"|
|align="center"|x, ɣ
|align="center"|
|
|
|align=center|h
|align=center|
|-
|-
!align="left"|[[Lateral (definition)|Lateral]]
!align="left"|Lateral
|
|
|
|
|align="center"|l
|align="center"|
|align="center"|lʲ
|align="center"|
|
|
|align="center"|l̪ˠ
|align="center"|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!align="left"|[[Rhotic (definition)|Rhotic]]
!align="left"|Rhotic
|
|
|
|
|align="center"|ɾ
|align="center"|
|align="center"|ɾʲ
|align="center"|
|
|
|align="center"|rˠ
|align="center"|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!align="left"|[[Approximant (definition)|Approximant]]
!align="left"|Approximant
|
|
|
|
|
|colspan=2 align="center"|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|}
|}
Subtitle.
==See Also==
==See Also==