Fricative

''Navajo'' bitsʼą́ą́dę́ę́ʼ
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Alveolar

s /s/

s /s/ – IPA: alveolar voiceless fricative

Word: nisin [nɪsɪn] “I want it”

nisin [nɪsɪn] “I want it”

z /z/

z /z/ – IPA: alveolar voiced fricative

Word: bizid [pɪzɪt] “its liver”

bizid [pɪzɪt] “its liver”

Alveolar lateral

ł /ɬ/

ł /ɬ/ – IPA: alveolar voiceless lateral fricative

Word: yiłid [jɪɬɪt] “he’s burning it”

yiłid [jɪɬɪt] “he’s burning it”

l /ɮ~l/

l /ɮ~l/ – IPA: alveolar voiceless lateral fricative/approximant

Word: bilid [pɪlɪt] “its smoke”

bilid [pɪlɪt] “its smoke”

Palatal

sh /ʃ/

sh /ʃ/ – IPA: palato-alveolar voiceless fricative

Word: shishish [ʃɪʃɪʃ] “it stung me”

shishish [ʃɪʃɪʃ] “it stung me”

zh /ʒ/

zh /ʒ/ – IPA: palato-alveolar voiced fricative

Word: shizhi’ [ʃɪʒɪʔ] “my name”

shizhi’ [ʃɪʒɪʔ] “my name”

Velar

h, x /x/

h /x/– IPA: glottal voiceless fricative

Word: ch’íhini’ą́ [tʃ’ɪ́xɪnɪʔɑ̃́] “it’s sticking out”

ch’íhini’ą́ [tʃ’ɪ́xɪnɪʔɑ̃́] “it’s sticking out”

gh /ɣ/

gh /ɣ/ – IPA: velar voiced fricative

Word: biih bíníghííł [piːh pɪ́nɪ́ɣíːɬ] “You will stuff it into it”

biih bíníghííł [piːh pɪ́nɪ́ɣíːɬ] “You will stuff it into it”

Labiovelar

hw /xʷ/

w /ɣʷ~w/

w /ɣʷ~w/ – IPA: labial-velar voiced fricative/approximant

Word: diwizhiishzhiin [tɪwɪʒiːʃʒiːn] “dark greasewood”

diwizhiishzhiin [tɪwɪʒiːʃʒiːn] “dark greasewood”